{"id":12890,"date":"2026-09-08T22:21:57","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T19:21:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nmtar.com\/?p=12890"},"modified":"2026-09-08T22:21:57","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T19:21:57","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%91%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8f%d9%83%d9%85-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%8f%d9%91%d8%b8%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%b7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nmtar.com\/?p=12890","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0637\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

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\n\u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628
\n\u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0638\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a\u0647. \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631
\n\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631
\n\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629
\n\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0640 PRI \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0640 \u062c\u0633\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0640 \u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633: \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629
\n\u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1946 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2008. \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628
\n\u064a\u0648\u0638\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642
\n\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a
\n\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644. \u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u061b \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b
\n\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a
\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0629: \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064f\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a: \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (APSA) \u0639\u0627\u0645 2013\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0632\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0628: \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a “\u0641\u0648\u0636\u0649” \u0623\u0648 “\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u064b” \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0640 “\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631”.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0632\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a
\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641
\n\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 “\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629” \u0623\u0648 “\u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0629”. \u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n

“\u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629” \u0643\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a
\n\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631: \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062e\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628: \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0642 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0634 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 “\u0648\u062d\u0634\u0627\u064b” \u0644\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 “\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b” \u0644\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 “\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642” \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645
\n\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062c\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u061f
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0632\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0631) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0640 “\u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629”.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0631
\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0637\u0631\u0646\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0643\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u0629” \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629”.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629
\n\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0633\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0640 “\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629” (\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631).<\/p>\n

\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a
\n\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062f\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639: \u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629
\n\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628. \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u064a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0632\u0631\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a.
\n\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n

. \u0646\u0628\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641
\n\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648. \u0633\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 (Milan W. Svolik) \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0643\u0627\u063a\u0648. \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 American Political Science Review \u0648 American Journal of Political Science. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648. \u0633\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0639\u0648\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026. \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0647 \/ \u0623\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 “\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0629” \u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648. \u0633\u0641\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0643 [Read More…]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12891,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[216],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-216"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064f\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u0651\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0637\u064a\u0629 - 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